Form F washers are similar to the standard form A standard flat washer, but have a slightly larger outside diameter. The dimensions for these washers can be found here.
Galvanised coatings prevent oxidation of the protected metal to create a longer lasting finish. It does this by forming a barrier and by acting as a sacrificial anode if this barrier is damaged. Galvanising is a plating that (in contrast to iron oxide) does not trigger a breakdown of the substrates surface integrity as it is formed. The galvanising, if left intact, can act as a barrier to further oxidation, in a way similar to the protection afforded to aluminum and stainless steels by their oxide layers.